Advanced Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Nanowires

Magnetic nanowires feature unique properties that have attracted the interest of different research areas from basic physics over biomedicine to data storage. The combination of crystalline and shape anisotropy is mainly responsible for the magnetic properties of the nanowires, whereby different methods for tuning those properties are available. The nanowires typically represent single-domain particles, and magnetization switching occurs via domain walls nucleated at the ends of the nanowire and traversing it. Combined with a high biocompatibility, iron or iron oxide nanowires can be used as nanorobots for biomedical applications, destroying cancer cells, or delivering drugs. The nanowires are also attractive for data storage, especially in a three-dimensional device, because of the high-domain wall speed that has been theoretically predicted. This chapter offers an introduction to the electrochemical synthesis of cylindrical nanowires in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. Template modification techniques such as barrier layer thinning, barrier layer etching, and diameter modulation are discussed. Advanced fabrication techniques of nanowires with varying structural and chemical variations such as multisegmented and core-shell nanowires are elaborated. The characterization of single nanowires encompassing physical, magnetic, and electrical techniques is covered

Advanced Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Nanowires

Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa dalam rangkaperan dan kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap pengembangan Dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai dengan cara melalui kebijakan teknis yaitu meningkatkan budaya baca di kalangan masyarakat kabupaten sinjai dengan kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam ini Kepala Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai dengan menyediakan buku dan pengembangan budaya baca melalui sosialisasi dan publikasi,upaya meningkatkan kualitas layanan di perpustakaan dan upaya peningkatan sarana dan prasarana. Adapun kendala yang menjadi penghambat dalam rangka peran dan kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap pengembangan Dinas perpustakaan dan kearsipan Kabupaten Sinjai yaitu tidak lain daripada sumber dana (anggaran) dan sumber daya daya manusia yang tidak mencukupi, memadai, ataupun tidak kompeten di bidangnya

Review of In vitro Toxicity of Nanoparticles and Nanorods: Part 1

The specific use of engineered nanostructures in biomedical applications has become very attractive, due to their ability to interface and target specific cells and tissues to execute their functions. Additionally, there is continuous progress in research on new nanostructures with unique optical, magnetic, catalytic, and electrochemical properties that can be exploited for therapeutic or diagnostic methods. On the other hand, as nanostructures become widely used in many different applications, the unspecific exposure of humans to them is also unavoidable. Therefore, studying and understanding the toxicity of such materials is of increasing importance. Previously published reviews regarding the toxicological effects of nanostructures focuses mostly on the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles and their internalization, activated signaling pathways, and cellular response. Here, the most recent studies on the in vitro cytotoxicity of NPs, nanowires, and nanorods for biomedical applications are reviewed and divided into two parts. The first part considers nonmagnetic metallic and magnetic nanostructures. While part 2 covers carbon structures and semiconductors. The factors influencing the toxicity of these nanostructures are elaborated, to help elucidating the effects of these nanomaterials on cells, which is a prerequisite for their save clinical use

Magnon mode selective spin transport in compensated ferrimagnets

We investigate the generation of magnonic thermal spin currents and their mode selective spin transport across interfaces in insulating, compensated ferrimagnet/normal metal bilayer systems. The spin Seebeck effect signal exhibits a non-monotonic temperature dependence with two sign changes of the detected voltage signals. Using different ferrimagnetic garnets, we demonstrate the universality of the observed complex temperature dependence of the spin Seebeck effect. To understand its origin, we systematically vary the interface between the ferrimagnetic garnet and the metallic layer, and by using different metal layers we establish that interface effects play a dominating role. They do not only modify the magnitude of the spin Seebeck effect signal but in particular also alter its temperature dependence. By varying the temperature, we can select the dominating magnon mode and we analyze our results to reveal the mode selective interface transmission probabilities for different magnon modes and interfaces. The comparison of selected systems reveals semi-quantitative details of the interfacial coupling depending on the materials involved, supported by the obtained field dependence of the signal

Extraordinary Magnetoresistance in Semiconductor/Metal Hybrids: A Review

The Extraordinary Magnetoresistance (EMR) effect is a change in the resistance of a device upon the application of a magnetic field in hybrid structures, consisting of a semiconductor and a metal. The underlying principle of this phenomenon is a change of the current path in the hybrid structure upon application of a magnetic field, due to the Lorentz force. Specifically, the ratio of current, flowing through the highly conducting metal and the poorly conducting semiconductor, changes. The main factors for the device’s performance are: the device geometry, the conductivity of the metal and semiconductor, and the mobility of carriers in the semiconductor. Since the discovery of the EMR effect, much effort has been devoted to utilize its promising potential. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the research on the EMR effect and EMR devices is provided. Different geometries of EMR devices are compared with respect to MR ratio and output sensitivity, and the criteria of material selection for high-performance devices are discussed

Flexible carbon nanotube nanocomposite sensor for multiple physiological parameter monitoring

The paper presents the design, development, and fabrication of a flexible and wearable sensor based on carbon nanotube nanocomposite for monitoring specific physiological parameters. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the substrate with a thin layer of a nanocomposite comprising functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and PDMS as electrodes. The sensor patch functionalized on strain-sensitive capacitive sensing from interdigitated electrodes which were patterned with a laser on the nanocomposite layer. The thickness of the electrode layer was optimized regarding strain and conductivity. The sensor patch was connected to a monitoring device from one end and attached to the body on the other for examining purposes. Experimental results show the capability of the sensor patch used to detect respiration and limb movements. This work is a stepping stone of the sensing system to be developed for multiple physiological parameters.8 page(s